Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) present a unique ability to convert near-infrared (NIR) light into higher-energy visible light. This characteristic has led extensive research in diverse fields, including biomedical imaging, treatment, and optoelectronics. However, the possible toxicity of UCNPs raises considerable concerns that necessitate thoro

Nickel oxide nanomaterials have emerged as effective candidates for catalytic applications due to their unique structural properties. The synthesis of NiO particles can be achieved through various methods, including hydrothermal synthesis. The shape and characteristics of the synthesized nanoparticles are crucial factors influencing their catalytic

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